Living in the fast lane: Foraging ecology of Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) at the edge of their breeding distribution
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Author
Borras-Chavez, RenatoAbstract
At the edge of their breeding distribution, it is unknown how the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) modify its behavior to obtain energy and reproduce while facing the constraints impose by lactation, the limited prey options, and the effect of extreme atmospheric events such as EL NINO that affect the prey. Using temperature-depth recorders combined with diet estimators, and machine learning tools, we determined the foraging strategies ...
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At the edge of their breeding distribution, it is unknown how the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) modify its behavior to obtain energy and reproduce while facing the constraints impose by lactation, the limited prey options, and the effect of extreme atmospheric events such as EL NINO that affect the prey. Using temperature-depth recorders combined with diet estimators, and machine learning tools, we determined the foraging strategies used by Antarctic fur seal females breeding at the edge of their distribution. First, we established those behavioral modifications that were related exclusively to lactation. Lactating females showed an additional effort when the behavior was compared, simultaneously, to non-lactating individuals. These modifications are associated with the constraints of lactation itself and provisioning. Then, using machine learning tools, we designated and quantified species-specific behavior and estimated the time invested in targeting each prey. Finally, we determined the foraging strategies used by lactating females facing contrasting breeding seasons with different prey availability/abundance scenarios. In seasons where krill availability was low, behavior suggests a higher consumption of fish with respect to those seasons where krill availability is high. Females do not modify the “how” they dive, but the “what” they eat and “where” they do it. This highlights how sensitive the behavior of edge colonies is, opening new questions under the light of the future climate change scenarios projected.
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Date de publicación
2020Academic guide
Bozinovic, Francisco
Fariña, José Miguel
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