Phytopathogenic wood funguses present in kiwi arm death syndrome (Actinida deliciosa) in commercial plantas established in the Maule Region, Chile.

Abstract

La investigación se orientó a determinar las especies de hongos fitopatógenos presentes en la enfermedad de madera denominada Síndrome de Muerte de Brazos del kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) cv. Hayward, a través de su caracterización morfológica y molecular y la cuantificación de su cinética en 24 plantaciones comerciales de la Región del Maule, Chile. Esto permitió caracterizar síntomas diferenciales en madera con la finalidad de resolver la hipótesis de que si especies de la familia Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae y Diatrypaceae están presentes en el complejo fúngico causante en la enfermedad. En base a los estudios realizados se concluyó que especies de la familia Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae y Diatrypaceae están presentes en el complejo fúngico causante en la enfermedad Síndrome de Muerte de Brazos del kiwi (A. deliciosa) cv. Hayward en Chile, conformado principalmente por los patógenos Diplodia seriata, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia alatafructa, Dothiorella iberica (familia Botryosphaeriaceae); Diaporthe australafricana, Diaporthe ambigua (familia Diaporthaceae); y Peroneutypa scoparia (familia Diatrypaceae). Descriptores: Fitopatología, hongos fitopatógenos, enfermedades de madera, síndrome de muerte de brazos, kiwi cv. Hayward, Actinidia deliciosa, Diplodia seriata, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia alatafructa, Dothiorella iberica, Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthe australafricana, Diaporthe ambigua, Diaporthaceae, Peroneutypa scoparia, Diatrypaceae.

The research was aimed at determining the species of phytopathogenic fungi present in the wood disease called Kiwifruit Arm Death Syndrome (Actinidia deliciosa) cv. Hayward, through their morphological and molecular characterization and the quantification of their kinetics in 24 commercial plantations in the Maule Region, Chile. This allowed to characterization of differential symptoms in wood in order to resolve the hypothesis that species of the Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae and Diatrypaceae families are present in the fungal complex causing the disease. Based on the studies carried out, it was concluded that species of the Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae and Diatrypaceae families are present in the fungal complex causing the disease Arm Death Syndrome of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) cv. Hayward in Chile, consisting mainly of the pathogens Diplodia seriata, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia alatafructa, Dothiorella iberica (Botryosphaeriaceae family); Diaporthe australafricana, Diaporthe ambigua (Diaporthaceae family); and Peroneutypa scoparia (Diatrypaceae family). Descriptors: Phytopathology, phytopathogenic fungi, wood disease, arms death syndrome, kiwi fruit cv. Hayward, Actinidia deliciosa, Diplodia seriata, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia alatafructa, Dothiorella iberica, Diaporthe australafricana, Diaporthe ambigua, Peroneutypa scoparia, Botryosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae, Diatrypaceae.