Abstract
Restoration of degraded soils could be through the promotion of adequate use of the
soil, for example increase of soil organic carbon. Sometimes application of nonstabilized
products (manure) can be an important source of greenhouse gases. An
alternative to improve the quality of the soil are the applications of biochar. However,
their effect on greenhouse gas emission has not yet been elucidated, with contradictory
results depending on the soil ...
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Restoration of degraded soils could be through the promotion of adequate use of the
soil, for example increase of soil organic carbon. Sometimes application of nonstabilized
products (manure) can be an important source of greenhouse gases. An
alternative to improve the quality of the soil are the applications of biochar. However,
their effect on greenhouse gas emission has not yet been elucidated, with contradictory
results depending on the soil type and crop systems. In Chile, around 70% of
agricultural activities are carried out on soils derived from granitic material and volcanic
ashes. The aim of this study was to measure the evolution of carbon dioxide emissions
in volcanic and non-volcanic soils amended with biochar. Two Chilean soils (Dystric
Fluventic Xerochrepts (Inceptisol) derived from volcanic ashes and Ultic Palexeralfs
(Alfisol) derived from granitic material) were incubated with three biochars produced
from chicken, cow, and pig manures. Carbon dioxide emission was evaluated during
260 days. Carbon dioxide emissions in the soil derived from volcanic ash were greater
than carbon dioxide emissions in the soil derived from granitic material, during the first
15 days of incubation. However, the emissions were greater the first 10 days in both
soils, with other high values recorded between days 45 and 50, possibly associated
with microbial soil successions. Carbon dioxide emissions were less than 0.5 mg CO2
kg suelo-1 h-1 between days 90 and 260 in all treatments. The emissions of soil-biochar
(pig and cow) treatments did not have significant differences with the control soil
emissions. While soil- chicken biochar emissions were superior the first ten days in
both soils. Volcanic and non-volcanic origin soil did not change its carbon dioxide
emissions in the long term with the application of biochar from animal manure.
Keywords: Carbon dioxide emission; Climate change; carbon sequestration
Financial Support: Fondecyt 1160795
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